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Soomra- Estonian village
17 JunSoomra
Soomra | |
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— village — | |
Location in Estonia |
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Coordinates: ![]() ![]() |
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Country | Estonia |
County | Pärnu County |
Municipality | Audru Parish |
Population (01.01.2011[1]) | |
• Total | 47 |
Soomra is a village in Audru Parish, Pärnu County, in southwestern Estonia. It has a population of 47 (as of 1 January 2011).[1]
Soomra is bordered by the Nätsi-Võlla Nature Reserve on its northeastern side.
Reference
- ^ a b “Rahvastik / külad” (in Estonian). Audru vald. Retrieved 25 May 2011.
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Soomro chiefs
17 Jun- 1. Súmrah died 1054 AD
- 2. Bhúngar bin Súmrah died 1068 (After a reign of 15 years)
- 3. Dódá bin Bhúngar died 1092 (24 years.)
- 4. Sanghár died 1106 (15 years.)
- 5. Khafíf died 1141 (36 years.)
- 6. Umar died 1180 (40 years.)
- 7. Dódá died 1193 (14 years.)
- 8. Punhún died 1226 (33 years.)
- 9. Khinrah died 1241 (16 years.)
- 10. Muhammad Túr died 1256 (15 years.)
- 11. Khinrah died 1259 (4 years.)
- 12. Táí died 1283 (24 years.)
- 13. Chanesar died 1300 (18 years.)
- 14. Bhúngar died 1315 (15 years.)
- 15. Khafíf died 1332 (18 years.)
- 16. Dódá died 1356 (25 years.)
- 17. Umar died 1390 (35 years.)
- 18. Bhúngar died 1400 (10 years.)
- 19. Hamír (dethroned by Sammahs.)
Related articles
- Soomra dynasty (thesoomras.wordpress.com)
Samra
17 JunSamra
Jat Clan: Samra | |
Distribution | Punjab (Pakistan) andPunjab (India) |
Descended from: | |
Branches: | |
Religion: | Sikhism |
Languages | Punjabi |
Surnames: | Samra |
Samra (समरा), classically called the Samarabriëans ( /səˌmærə.braɪˈiːənz/; Latin:Samarabriae), or the Sumra, or Sumrah is the surname of a clan gotra of Jats found inPunjab, India and Punjab, Pakistan. At one time they were settled in the UpperIndus.
History and origin
Megasthenes divides them into three clans, the Samarabriëans (/ˌsæmbrəˈsiːənz/), the Sambrucenes (Greek: Sambroukenoi), and the Bisambriteans (/baɪˌsæmbrɨˈtiːənz/, Greek: Bisambritai)”.[1][2] They are mentioned by Farishta, who says on ancient authority, that the Samras had a kingdom in Sindh and were in fact one of the two main Zamindars (landlords) of Sindh, up to 1380 AD when many of them embraced Islam, while the others adopted Hinduism. During the advent of Sikhism the Hindu Samras became followers of Sikhism. The Samra name is believed to be one of the original 10 Jatt Surnames from Punjab.
H.A Rose, who made a comprehensive glossary of the Tribes of Punjab and North West Frontier, mentions Sumra as one of the Jat Tribes of the Western Plains [3] and quotes from other writers like E.O’Brein and describes the Sumra as originally Rajputs. “In A.D.750 they expelled the first Arab invaders from Sindh and Multan, and furnished the country with a dynasty which ruled in Multan from 1445 to 1526 A.D., when it was expelled by the Samma”. Colonel James Tod refers to them as a part of the twin clans of Umra and Sumra Rajputs who were a subdivision of Sodha tribe of Rajputs, which in turn has been mentioned as a grand division of Parmar Rajputs who in remote times held all the Rajputana desert. Frequently combining with their brethren the Umars, gave name to a large tract of country, which is even still recognized as Umra-Sumra and Umarkot, and within which Alor and Bhukkar is situated [4]
The Samra clan of the Jats established their kingdoms in 1054. According to Ain-i-Akbari, 36 kings of Sumra clan ruled for 500 years when they were superseded by another Jat clan, the Sammas. One of their famous Samra kings was Dalu Rai or Deva Rai. It has been recorded [5] that according to the Muntakhib Tawáríkh it was in 1053 AD, that in the reign of Abdurrashíd son of Sultán Mahmúd of Ghazní, who was a weak prince, that the Súmrahs secured their independence and elected Súmrah as their chief. He was succeeded by a line of chiefs that are given below:—
- 1. Súmrah died 1054 AD
- 2. Bhúngar bin Súmrah died 1068 (After a reign of 15 years)
- 3. Dódá bin Bhúngar died 1092 (24 years.)
- 4. Sanghár died 1106 (15 years.)
- 5. Khafíf died 1141 (36 years.)
- 6. Umar died 1180 (40 years.)
- 7. Dódá died 1193 (14 years.)
- 8. Punhún died 1226 (33 years.)
- 9. Khinrah died 1241 (16 years.)
- 10. Muhammad Túr died 1256 (15 years.)
- 11. Khinrah died 1259 (4 years.)
- 12. Táí died 1283 (24 years.)
- 13. Chanesar died 1300 (18 years.)
- 14. Bhúngar died 1315 (15 years.)
- 15. Khafíf died 1332 (18 years.)
- 16. Dódá died 1356 (25 years.)
- 17. Umar died 1390 (35 years.)
- 18. Bhúngar died 1400 (10 years.)
- 19. Hamír (dethroned by Sammahs.)
Distribution In India
‘Samra’ is a common surname of Jat Sikhs from the Indian Punjab. There are villages almost entirely inhabited by Samra clan in the Amritsar and Ludhiana districts of Indian Punjab. Villages with significant population of Samra clan are listed as below:
- District Amritsar – Akalgadh, Nona, Pakhoke, Fatahpur, Bharariwal, Thande, Kotla Sultan Singh, Maari
- District Gurdaspur – Samra, Chakawali (Near Dera Baba Nanak)
- District Jullunder – Samrai
- District Ludhiana – Pohir, Gorsian Makhan, Akhara
- District Moga – Lohgarh, Daulat Pura Ucha,Jalalabad,
- District Bathinda – Rampura Phul
Prominent Samra Personalities
- Lieut. Shamsher Singh Samra: Winner of Gallantry Award – Mahavir Chakra in 1971 Indo Pak War “[6]
- Major General Kanwaljit Singh Samra : Serving army officer hails from Village Bharariwal, District Amritsar.
- Amarjeet Singh Samra : Former D.G.P of Maharastra The face that calmed Mumbai after the 13 serial blasts that killed over 250 people in 1991 “[7] [8]
- Amarjit Singh Samra : Member of Legislative Assembly of Punjab representing Nakodar constituency of Indian Punjab.
- Swaiman Singh Samra : Doctor and President of All American Doctors without Borders.
- Rattan Singh Samra (Late) : Member of Legislative Assembly of Indian Punjab from Dharamkot constituency, District Moga.
- Arvinderpal Singh Pakhoke : Former acting President of Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee (SGPC)from District Amritsar.
- Jodh Singh Samra : S.G.P.C. member from Amritsar District.
- Sukhjit Singh Samra : Member of Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee (SGPC) from Lohgarh
- Armanjit Singh Samra
Sumras (Soomras) of Pakistan
Some influential members of the Sumra clans had accepted Islam soon after the Arab conquest of Sindh. Even after conversion they retained their old Hindu names and customs. They had intermarried with local Arab landowners and thus had acquired great influence and power. Sumra, also known as the Soomro clan of Pakistan traces its lineage to the Sumrah dynasty of Sind
See also
References
- ^ The Natural History of Pliny, Volume 2 by Pliny the Elder; John Bostock , Henry Thomas Riley translators.http://books.google.co.in/books?id=sDwZAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_v2_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q=&f=false.
- ^ Megasthenis Indica By Mégasthénè.
- ^ “Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North West Frontier Province, By By H.A. Rose, IBBETSON, Maclagan”.
- ^ “Annals & Antiquities of Rajasthan, By James Tod”.
- ^ “A History of Sind, Vol II, Translated from Persian Books by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg, Deputy Collector, Kotri (Sind)”.
- ^ The Last Charge.
- ^ Vocal Demands. Outlook Magazine. December 15, 2008. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
- ^ Amarjeet Samra brought peace to a troubled city. DNA. Wednesday, May 7, 2008, 3:17 IST. Retrieved 2011-01-11.
Further reading
Soomrani
11 Apr
Indus Priest/King Statue. The statue is 17.5 cm high and carved from steatite a.k.a. soapstone. It was found in Mohenjo-daro in 1927. It is on display in the National Museum, Karachi, Pakistan. Deutsch: „Priesterkönig“ gedeutete Steinfigur der Indus-Kultur aus Mohenjo-daro (Pakistan) (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
The Soomrani (Urdu: سومرانی ) are a sub-tribe of the Magsi, a Baloch tribe of Pakistan and Iran. Many Soomrani live in Pakistan in the provinces of Punjab, Sindh, khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan. In Punjab, their communities can be found in Layyah, Sahiwal and Dera Ismail Khan,. Soomrani are powerful and active in the politics of the areas they live in, especially in Layyah. They still follow the old customs and traditions of their ancestors; they are known for their orthodox way of life. They used to live in tribes but as time passed, they have begun to scatter. They had a panchat system and the chief of the tribe used to decide matters, issues and fights between the Soomrani families. The last known and accepted chief was namely Ameer Muhammad Khan Soomrani. After his death in the early 18th century, things changed and Soomrani started having enmity in their own families, which in some cases has led to bloodshed.